For the first run, we are going to simulate a simple LEP event with the default setup and look at the output files. First, create a folder where you are going to put everything related to the Herwig tutorial mkdir herwig-tutorial and copy the input file LEP.in that you will find under {Herwigpath}/share/Herwig/ or here into that folder. {F542999} You can also download the input file via wget https://phab-files.hepforge.org/file/download/d3y555lituggiomcwatj/PHID-FILE-hirg3s3rz7xph4yuaij6/LEP.in Have a look at the input file with the tool of your choice and try to understand what process is being simulated. vi LEP.in less LEP.in cat LEP.in emacs LEP.in Then execute the following commands in order to simulate 10000 LEP events: Herwig read LEP.in Herwig run LEP.run -N 10000 In the next step, have a look at the "LEP.log" file that displays the first 10 events of that run. Each event is made up of individual steps that reflect the treatment of the event as it passes through the various stages of the generator (hard subprocess, parton shower, hadronization and decays). Try to make sense of the numbers displayed and try to find the individual steps in the event record (the LEP.log file). You can display files with less LEP.log Looking at numbers is tedious. In order to make our life easier we now try to compare the simulation with data from the ALEPH experiment. Which was a very successfull experiment during the LEP era. For that purpose, we need to modify the LEP.in input file and include the following part cd /Herwig/Generators read snippets/Rivet.in insert /Herwig/Analysis/Rivet:Analyses 0 ALEPH_1996_S3486095 right above the line "saverun LEP EventGenerator". Now we need to run Herwig again. The steps are the same as above but now we should have created a "LEP.yoda" file. A yoda file is a file created by [[ https://yoda.hepforge.org/ | YODA ]] which is a lightweight common system for MC event generator validation analyses, particularly as the core histogramming system in [[ https://rivet.hepforge.org/ | Rivet ]]. In order to plot this yoda file, we use the following command rivet-mkhtml LEP.yoda This creates a folder named "rivet-plots" that collects all the created histograms of the ALEPH analysis. You can display the analysis in your browser by opening the rivet-plots/index.html file. Before we go on, have a look at the created histograms and try to roughly understand what is being measured. Also, change the name of the **.yoda** file to **LEP-default.yoda** with mv LEP.yoda LEP-default.yoda # Switching off the Parton Shower In the next step, we are going to switch off the Parton Shower and compare the simulation to the one that includes the Parton Shower. Add the following lines to the input file cd /Herwig/EventHandlers set EventHandler:CascadeHandler NULL right below set EventGenerator:EventHandler:LuminosityFunction:Energy 91.2 Then, run Herwig again for 10000 Events Herwig read LEP.in Herwig run LEP.run -N 10000 and plot the two yoda files together with rivet-mkhtml LEP-default.yoda LEP.yoda Now, have a look at the histograms. Why is the mean charged multiplicity larger without a Parton Shower? Optional: You can also include more [[ https://rivet.hepforge.org/analyses/ | Rivet analyses ]]. Just go to the rivet homepage and try to add additional LEP analyses (ALEPH_, OPAL_ )